This is an online sidebar to the 2021 feature, “Advancing the OOA infused wing box.
”Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) wing box structures have been flying for decades. The first CFRP center wing box was pioneered by Airbus in the four-engine widebody A380, which first flew in 2005. It still used metal components, but 5.3 metric tonnes out of the total 8.8 metric tonnes were CFRP.(…)
via The path to OOA wings with minimal fasteners | CompositesWorld.