Axial space savings are perhaps the most visible feature of wave springs when compared side by side with other spring designs. For example, in static applications, wave springs typically require only half of the work height of equivalent coil springs. This work height advantage falls to roughly one third in dynamic applications, due to the need for more turns to handle the bending stresses of a dynamic application. In either case, single- and multi-turn wave springs offer significant space savings over coil and disc designs. Consider that just one multi-turn wave spring can replace multiple coil springs in a traditional seal design. In addition, wave springs can save radial space compared to using disc and coil springs with larger diameters. The following are a few examples where space constraints are easily satisfied by specifying wave springs:(…)